Preparation of cutting oils



Patented Jan. 8, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 1,987,397 PREPARATIONF CUTTING OILS Benjamin GallsworthmGlenham, N. Y., assignmto The TexasQompany, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Delaware No Drawing.Application June 15, 1933 Serial No. 675,879

9 Claims. (Cl. 87-9) This invention relates to the preparation of addedand the temperature of the reaction mixcutting oils, and moreparticularly to the preparature raised to between 380 and 400 F. Thetion of cutting oils containing sulfurized hydromixture was then stirredfor approximately three carbons. hours, during which time considerableevolution As is well known, the purposes of a cutting oil of hydrogensulfide took place. Considerable are to cool the cutting tool, to reducethe energy heat was given off in the course of the reaction consumptionand to insure a good finish on the as wasevidenced by the fact that thetemperature work. Pure mineral oils have a limited usefulof the reactionmixture rose to a value of about ness as cutting oils on account oftheir poor 430 adhesive qualities. Themore usual and better When thereaction was complete, the mixture practice is to compound the mineraloil either was settled for a considerable length of time in with fattyoils or with sulfurized hydrocarbons, order to permit of the separationof such sludge or with both. as was formed as a result of the reaction.The 1 Cutting oils, containing sulfurized by 0- settled product gave thefollowing tests: 5 carbons have a particular merit in that these GravityA. P. I 16.0 0115 appear to be extremely satisfactory for use where highspeed cutting operations are carried igg g m seconds saybolt umversal at383 out. The office of the sulfur, when chemically Flash ,5, 360 unitedwith hydrocarbons, is to increase the Fire 0 F 405 heat-absorbingproperties of the compound. r 5 20 I have discovered a highlysatisfactory method u for preparing sulfurized hydrocarbons which areThe product when used as a coolant was found particularly useful inpreparing cutting oils. to give very satisfactory results. Similarly,when This is accomplished by mixing together a pethe product was blendedwitlr an equal volume troleum hydrocarbon lubricating oil with oxidizedof a light petroleum hydrocarbonoil having a paraffin wax, and thenreacting this mixture viscosity of approximately 70 seconds Saybolt atelevated temperatures with sulfur. The universal at 100 F., it wasideally suited for metal product from this reaction, when used alone orcutting operations in which a more fluid coolant when blended with adiluent hydrocarbon oil, was necessary. gives particularly satisfactoryresults as a coolant In preparing sulfurized hydrocarbons, in acin thecutting or shaping of metals. cordance with my invention, it is possibleto bring In order to give a clearer understanding of my about acombination of greater quantities of invention, I cite herewith aprocedure that was sulfur than can be obtained by merely reacting afollowed in preparing a cutting oil base or conmineral hydrocarbon oilwith sulfur. It appears oentrate which was found to contain 5.17% ofthat this effect results from the presence of the combined sulfur.Although specific quantities. oxidized parafiin wax. In carrying out thesuland temperatures are given in the example, other furization reaction,almost any one of the various proportions of reactants, as well as othercondipetroleum hydrocarbon oil fractions may be used tions of reaction,may be found to be equally as a reactant. The choice of the properfraction advantageous. Approximately 17,600 grams of is controlled bythe temperature and pressure petroleum hydrocarbon oil having thefollowing conditions which are used for bringing about the tests:desired reactions. Where it is desired to produce sulfurizedhydrocarbons containing higher pervilsggsiltay in seconds Sayboltuniversal at 207 g fi of combined i thegse h fi a mosp eric pressures w'0 may e as ig as $3 15" Cleveland open i 200 pounds per square inch orhigher may be found necessary.

were mixed with about 2070 grams of oxidized In compounding thesulfurized hydrocarbons parafiin wax having a melting point in the withdiluting hydrocarbon oils, the choice of the neighborhood of 95 F. Thismixture was then particular diluent is dictated by the type ofoperachargedinto a kettle provided with a mechanition for which theproduct is being used. In those cally driven stirrer and the,temperature of the cases where an extremely fluid product is required,charge raised to approximately 330 F. When the sulfurized hydrocarbonsmay be compounded this temperature was reached, approximately with, ordissolved in a light petroleum hydro- 1550 grams of powdered sulfur weregradually carbon oil of the type of kerosine or mineral seal ,oil. Inother operations, such as lubricating oils, vantage. I

Obviously many modifications and variation of the invention, ashereinbefore set forth, may be made without departing from the spiritand scope thereof, and therefore only such limitations should be imposedas are indicated in the appended claims.

I claim: I

1. A method of preparing a sulfurized hydrocarbon compound whichcomprises reacting a mixture of a petroleum hydrocarbon oil and oxidizedparaffin wax with sulfur at a temperature above about 330 F.

2. A method of preparing a sulfurized cutting oil concentrate whichcomprises mixing petroleum hydrocarbon oil with oxidized paraflln wax,heating the mixture to a temperature of about 330 F., and then reactingit with sulfur at a temperature above 330 F.-

3. A method of preparing a cutting oil which comprises reacting amixture consisting of a petroleum hydrocarbon oil and from 5 to 20% ofoxidized paraflln wax with from 5 to 10% of sulfur at a temperatureabove about 330 F.

4. A method of preparing a cutting oil which comprises reacting amixture of a petroleum hydrocarbon oil and oxidized paraflin wax withsulfur at a temperature above about 330 F.,

more viscous diluents, may be used with adabove about 330 F.

settling the reaction product to remove sludge, and compounding thesludge-free reaction product with a low viscosity petroleum hydrocarbonlubrieating 011. v

5. A method of preparing a sulfurized hydrocarbon compound whichcomprises reacting a mixture of a petroleum hydrocarbon oil and oxidizedparaflln wax with a sulfur at a temperature and under superatmosphericpressure.

6. A cutting oil concentrate comprising petroleum hydrocarbon oil,oxidized paraflln wax and sulfur combined by reaction at a temperatureof above about 330 F.

7. A cutting oil concentrate comprising sulfurized hydrocarbons obtainedby heating a mixture 'of petroleum hydrocarbon oil and oxidized parafllnwax with sulfur.

8. A cutting oil comprising a petroleum hydrocarbon lubricatlng oil andthe product obtained by heating a mixture of petroleum hydrocarbon oil,and oxidized paraffin wax with sulfur.

9. A cutting oil comprising a petroleum hydrocarbon lubricating oilhaving a viscosity of about '70 seconds Saybolt universal at F. andabout an equal volume of 'sulfurized hydrocarbons obtained by heating apetroleum hydrocarbon oil and oxidized parafiin wax with sulfur.

